[2017年高考英语阅读理解练习]生态环保类

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　　3. What might be the cause of the children's sickness?

　　　A. The crops didn't do well.

　　　B. There were too many insects.

　　　C. The visitors brought in diseases.

　　　D. The pesticides were overused.

　　4. What can we infer from the last sentence of the text?

　　　A. Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country.

　　　B. Health is more important than money.

　　　C. The harmony between man and nature is important.

　　　D. Good old days will never be forgotten.

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　　答案与解析

　　本篇文章为记叙文。主要讲述印度一个小村庄的人们在外乡人的诱导下为了追求金钱收益捕杀青蛙，结果破坏了生态平衡。意识到这个问题后，他们及时停止了捕杀，重新回到了宁静的乡村生活。

　　1．C　细节理解题。第一段中有“The people were poor.However, they were not unhappy.”和C项意思一致。

　　2．A　细节理解题。根据第二段的“This seemed like money for nothing.”句中for nothing 是“免费的”意思，说明青蛙容易得到，并能赚到钱，村民才答应卖。

　　3．B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“They had been doing an important job—eating insects. Now with so many frogs killed, the insects were increasing more rapidly. They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases.”可以推断出庄稼收成不好，孩子生病与青蛙减少、害虫增多有关。

　　4．C　推理判断题。最后一句说明人们过度捕杀造成生态失衡，由此也影响了人类，因此，可以推断人与自然的和谐是重要的。

　　(三)

    We produce 500 billion of plastic bags in a year worldwide and they are thrown away polluting oceans，killing wildlife and getting dumped in landfills where they take up to 1000 years to decompose. Researchers have been unsuccessfully looking for a solution.

　　The 16yearold Canadian high school student，Daniel Burd, from Waterloo Collegiate Institute, has discovered a way to make plastic bags degrade(分解) in as few as 3 months，a finding that won him first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair，a $10 000 prize，a $20 000 scholarship, and a chance to revolutionize a major environmental issue.

　　Burd's strategy was simple: Since plastic does eventually degrade, it must be eaten by microorganisms (微生物). If those microorganisms could be identified, we could put them to work eating the plastic much faster than under normal conditions.

　　With this goal in mind, he ground plastic bags into a powder and concocted(调制) a solution of household chemicals, yeast(酵母) and tap water to encourage microbes growth. Then he added the plastic powder and let the microbes work their magic for 3 months. Finally，he tested the resulting bacterial culture on plastic bags，exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control. Sure enough, the plastic exposed (暴露) to the live bacteria was 17% lighter than the control after six weeks.

　　The inputs are cheap：maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work, and the only outputs are water and tiny levels of carbon dioxide.

　　 “Almost every week I have to do chores and when I open the closet door, I have piles of plastic bags falling on top of me. One day, I got tired of it and I wanted to know what other people are doing with these plastic bags. The answer：not much. So I decided to do something myself.”said Daniel Burd.

　　1. Daniel Burd won first prize at the Canada－Wide Science Fair because________.

　　　A. he found a new kind of microorganism

　　　B. he contributed much to environmental protection

　　　C. he found a way to degrade plastics in shorter time

　　　D. he could encourage microbes growth in an easier way

　　2. Daniel Burd exposed one plastic sample to dead bacteria to

　　 ________.

　　　A. make the live bacteria work better

　　　B. test how effective his method was

　　　C. know which bacteria worked faster

　　　D. control the temperature in the process

　　3. Maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because ________.

　　　A. plastics can get hot easily

　　　B. microbes can produce heat themselves

　　　C. much carbon dioxide is produced

　　　D. the temperature can be controlled

　　4. Daniel Burd got his idea from ________.

　　　A. his school textbook

　　　B. the failure of researchers

　　　C. his everyday work

　　　D. the practice of other people

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　　答案与解析

　　1．C　细节理解题。从文章第二段可知，他因发现短时间降解塑料袋的方法而获奖，故答案选C项。

　　2．B　推理判断题。从文章第四段中的“...exposing one plastic sample to dead bacteria as a control”可推断，他这样做的目的在于测试他的方法是否有效，所以答案为B项。

　　3．B　细节理解题。从文章倒数第二段中的“maintaining the required temperature takes little energy because microbes produce heat as they work”可知答案选B项。

　　4．C　推理判断题。从文章最后一段丹尼尔·伯德说的话可推知，他是从每天的工作中得到启发的，故答案选C项。

　　(四)(2010·山东烟台检测)

　　There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years，and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the world's leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.

　　London

　　London's flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding，but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 21 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed.

　　There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals，an airport and 80 billion worth of property in London's flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous.

　　Paris

　　Over a six??week period in July and August 2008，more than 11400—mainly elderly people—died in France from dehydration (脱水) and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?

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