Professor Pearce said：“Kids tend to stay indoors more these days and play on their computers instead of enjoying the fresh air.This means their vitamin D levels are worse than in previous years.”Dr.Cheatham added：“I am disappointed with the increasing numbers of children we are treating with this entirely preventable condition.Fifty years ago many children would have been given codliver oil(鱼肝油)regularly，but this practice has all but died out.”Vitamin D is produced naturally when the skin is under the sunlight，and is also found in a small number of foods，including oily fish，liver and eggs.
Half of all adults in Britain are reported not to have enough vitamin D in the winter and spring，with the problem worse in Scotland and the North of England.Asian populations，who cover much of their skin for religious(宗教的)reasons，are also at increased risk.
Professor Pearce added：“We believe that mandatory(强制的)food supplementation(补充)with vitamin D，for example in milk，is needed in the UK，as it has already been introduced successfully in many other countries of the world.”The Food Standards Agency has refused calls for mandatory supplementation，insisting that “most people should be able to get all the vitamin D they need from their diet and by getting a little sun”.It advises pregnant(怀孕的)women，and people over 60 to take 10 micrograms (0.01 mg) of vitamin D each day.
【解题导语】 青少年热衷玩电脑游戏而缺少户外活动，造成维生素D缺乏导致软骨病又“卷土重来”。
68.According to Professor Pearce，more British people are having rickets mainly because they .
A.don’t have enough food
B.have less outdoor activities
C.dislike food high in vitamin D
D.have been given codliver oil
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第二段中的Kids tend to stay indoors more these days and play on their computers instead of enjoying the fresh air.This means their vitamin D levels are worse than in previous years可知，Pearce 认为儿童热衷玩电脑游戏而缺少户外活动，造成维生素D缺乏导致软骨病。
69.The underlined word“it”in Paragraph 4 refers to .
A.mandatory food supplementation with vitamin D
B.milk produced in the UK
C.food short of vitamin D
D.vitamin D
解析：选A。指代题。第四段提到，Pearce教授认为，英国需要强制补充维生素D的食物，如补充维生素D的牛奶，因为它在许多其他国家都已被成功引进。可见，此处it指代强制补充维生素D的食物。
70.Pearce suggests that one way to prevent rickets is to .
A.call on parents to buy milk for kids every day
B.make it a law to add vitamin D to food
C.build more playgrounds for kids to exercise
D.persuade people not to cover their skin all the time
解析：选B。细节理解题。根据第四段中的We believe that mandatory food supplementation with vitamin D，for example in milk，is needed in the UK可知，Pearce建议在人们的食物中强制添加维生素D。
71.What is the Food Standards Agency’s attitude towards Pearce’s suggestion?
A.They feel it is worth a try.
B.They are very fond of it.
C.They are against it.
D.They think it is no use at all.
解析：选C。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的The Food Standards Agency has refused calls for mandatory supplementation，insisting...可以看出，英国食品标准署反对在食物中强制添加维生素D的建议。
E
Microsoft founder Bill Gates said that he planned to give away almost all of his fortune，largely to the cause of global health，during the course of his lifetime.With an estimated(估计)worth of more than $40 billion，according to Forbes，the project will be no small fate(功绩) for Gates.Having already provided the Bill & Melinda Gates Fou ndation with $24 billion to address global health issues，Gates said that finally his entire fortune will be put towards the cause except “a few percent left for the kids”.
So what has made the richest man in the world to channel his resources so heavily into one interest?Gates believes that “the equality of opportunity”in which Americans take such pride needs to extend to other nations around the world.Improving the heal th of the populations，he says，has proven to be an essential method in helping poor countries to be financially successful.“National borders allow inequalities，”said Gates.“We all need to take a more global view，rather than just saying my country is doing well.We have to step up these health issues，knowing how few resources are going into them.”
Gates said that both his parents set up an example for him as a child.His father，William H.Gates，was the head of the local Planned Parenthood，and his mother，Mary，volunteered for the United Way.As he gathered his fortune，Gates knew he would finally want to give back as well，but he didn’t expect to devote himself wholeheartedly to one project until he was about 60.
However，Gates,47，began to question his ability to wait that long.“It seemed there was a real time urgency，”Gates said.“I started to think how many lives I could save before then.”
72.Bill Gates will give away his vast fortune to .
A.improve the health of population in America alone
B.improve the health of population all over the world
C.avoid leaving his children too much money
D.spare the American government the burden of health care
解析：选B。细节考查题。根据第一段中的第一句话可以得出比尔?盖茨用自己的财富来提高全世界人的健康。
73.Bill Gates believes that one important way of developing poor countries is .
A.to set up more foundations for them
B.to help them with natural resources
C.to put more efforts into the health issues in them
D.to help them take a more global view
解析：选C。细节考查题。从第二段的第三句“Improving the health of the populations，he says，has proven to be an essential method in helping poor countries to be financially successful.‘National borders allow inequalities’...”可以看出Bill Gates的观点。
74.It can be learned from the passage that Bill Gates thinks .
A.Americans should care about people in other countries
B.Americans should treat fellow citizens well
C.Americans should devote themselves to certain projects
D.Americans can be worldfamous by giving away vast fortune
解析：选A。从文章第二段倒数第二句“We all need to take a more global view，rather than just saying my country is doing well.”可以得出正确答案。
75.Bill Gates gave away his vast fortune earlier than he had expected because of .
A.his weakening health condition
B.his parents’ suggestion
C.his great success in business
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